The system of claim 1, further comprising a temperature controller for controlling the temperature of the spectrometer.ĥ.
The system of claim 1, wherein the output optical coupling unit includes a fused silica prism, a fused silica lens, and an off-axis parabolic mirror.Ĥ. The system of claim 1, wherein the input optical coupling unit includes an air-spaced achromatic doublet lens and a periscope.ģ. A system for identifying species in a fluid, the system comprising: a light source generating a detection light an input optical coupling unit configured to receive the detection light at a first angle and output the detection light at a second angle a multi-pass absorption cell containing the fluid having an input port positioned at one end of the cell and an output port positioned at an opposing end of the cell, the cell configured to receive the detection light output by the input optical coupling at the input port, pass the detection light through the fluid, and output the detection light through the output port an output optical coupling unit configured to receive the detection light output by the cell at a third angle and output the detection light at a fourth angle a spectrometer configured to receive the detection light output by the output optical coupling unit and generate spectral data related to the detection light and an electronic unit configured to receive spectral data from the spectrometer and analyze the spectral data.Ģ. Pulse modulation light detection device, electronic apparatus, and pulse modulation light detection methodġ. Method and Apparatus for Simultaneous Detection and Measurement of Charged Particles at One or More Levels of Particle Flux for Analysis of Same
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